10.6084/m9.figshare.1011515.v1 Brandon Mauch Brandon Mauch Jay Apt Jay Apt Pedro M S Carvalho Pedro M S Carvalho Paulina Jaramillo Paulina Jaramillo Additional day-ahead reserve capacity for maximum wind forecast uncertainty for a range of wind penetration values for ERCOT and MISO IOP Publishing 2013 Dashed lines show wind power forecasts Maximum wind forecast uncertainty wind capacity Current wind level Wind power load forecast values wind forecast accuracy mw dispatchable capacity miso load forecast uncertainty ercot wind power capacity wind forecast uncertainty wind penetration values gw load forecast accuracy Environmental Science 2013-08-01 00:00:00 Figure https://iop.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Additional_day_ahead_reserve_capacity_for_maximum_wind_forecast_uncertainty_for_a_range_of_wind_pen/1011515 <p><strong>Figure 13.</strong> Additional day-ahead reserve capacity for maximum wind forecast uncertainty for a range of wind penetration values for ERCOT and MISO. In this figure the horizontal axis is the percentage of load served by wind power. Solid lines assume no change in wind forecast accuracy. Dashed lines show the effect of improved forecasts. Maximum wind forecast uncertainty is assumed to occur for wind forecasts of 75% of installed capacity for ERCOT and 60% of installed capacity in MISO. Current wind level refers to the time in which the data were collected.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Day-ahead load and wind power forecasts provide useful information for operational decision making, but they are imperfect and forecast errors must be offset with operational reserves and balancing of (real time) energy. Procurement of these reserves is of great operational and financial importance in integrating large-scale wind power. We present a probabilistic method to determine net load forecast uncertainty for day-ahead wind and load forecasts. Our analysis uses data from two different electric grids in the US with similar levels of installed wind capacity but with large differences in wind and load forecast accuracy, due to geographic characteristics. We demonstrate that the day-ahead capacity requirements can be computed based on forecasts of wind and load. For 95% day-ahead reliability, this required capacity ranges from 2100 to 5700 MW for ERCOT, and 1900 to 4500 MW for MISO (with 10 GW of installed wind capacity), depending on the wind and load forecast values. We also show that for each MW of additional wind power capacity for ERCOT, 0.16–0.30 MW of dispatchable capacity will be used to compensate for wind uncertainty based on day-ahead forecasts. For MISO (with its more accurate forecasts), the requirement is 0.07–0.13 MW of dispatchable capacity for each MW of additional wind capacity.</p>